Plato’s View of Division of Labor in Plato’s Republic Essay

Plato’s view of division of labour is divided into three types of peoples’ task in life which are workers as farmers, military type and guardians. Actually, the ruling task of Plato’s Republic is the guardian’s responsible who had achieved the greatest wisdom or knowledge of good. Due to that, Plato claims that â€Å"philosopher must become kings or those now who called kings must genuinely and adequately philosophise’’ (Nussbaum1998, p.18). However, people argue about the reasons that the philosopher should rule the city, while the philosophers prefer to gain knowledge instead of power, thus they don’t seek this authority. Therefore, the argument should alter to why the philosophers are the best ruler to govern people. Indeed, Plato states†¦show more content†¦So Plato’s idea portrays that we somehow have an idea of the basic form of the Blueness as it applies to us. Plato introduced a ship of state which describes t he philosopher’s king position (Thomas Smith, 2009). This concept shows that there are masses who are busy fighting over what is the right way to govern the ship which is basic on listening to the true navigator who is representing the true philosopher. As long as, the purity of thought is leading society to the true philosophers those philosophers will have a variety of qualities to uniting people such as quick learning and justice. According to Plato, the characteristics of a true philosopher have to be ascertained. The characteristics are a good memory, graciousness, justice, courage and temperance. Moreover, philosophers have to love the truth, so they never reach into their minds a falsehood. Plato states that the gods of jealousy himself is drawn towards knowledge and expatriate all the pleasure of the soul. By these qualities, philosophers can have magnificence of mind and wisdom which helps them to rule the city state (Nussbaum, 1998). At the end, Plato draws the philosopher king education system with five stages of study to earn the skills and characteristic. A primary stage is during age 18 with two years physical training. The second stage is ten years of mathematics studying, because Plato believes the Form cannot be fully understood unless they are tied with scores of theShow MoreRelatedThe Impossible Quest For The Ideal Society1645 Words   |  7 Pagesdebated for centuries. Many theories have been conjured up by intellectuals, all with differing divisions of power, wealth, and labor. Two of these competing theories are those presented in Plato’s The Republic and Aristotle’s Politics. While they both present a wide range of views on many issues, this paper will only focus on two issues that go hand-in-hand: slavery’s role in society, and the divisions of property and power amongst the classes. 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The Ethical Framework Of Corporate Social Responsibility

The importance of ethics in business has become a bigger focus both nationally and globally. Due to high profile cases of unethical behavior in the housing and securities sector, we have seen a complete institutionalization of business ethics in the workplace. At minimum, this includes mandatory requirements, core practices, and strict punishments for violators. Within this idea and practice of Business Ethics, is the ethical framework of Corporate Social Responsibility. This idea suggests that companies have an obligation to act in such a way that it benefits society at large. This idea works best when a company takes a positive and voluntary approach. In many cases, we see companies struggle with having a positive impact on society, while also growing profits. This is truer for smaller businesses, who may have limited resources and maximum profitability is needed to stay afloat. We are going to explore a similar dilemma that Company Q is facing. 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Master of Arts in Nursing Essay Example For Students

Master of Arts in Nursing Essay There is a knowledge base, authority over education, altruistic service, a code Of ethics and registration requirements for practice ( Mac Owen, 2007 ) A discipline is a unique perspective, a distinct way of viewing all phenomenon Which defines the limits and nature Of its inquiry. It is a branch Of knowledge ordered through the theories and methods evolving from more than one worldview of the phenomenon of concern. According to Mac Owen (2007) nursing knowledge base draws from many disciplines. In the past it has depended heavily on physiology, sociology, psychology and medicine to provide academic standing and to improve practice. However, recently nursing has been seeking hat is unique to nursing and developing those aspects into an academic discipline, What are the cornerstones of a discipline? L. Research- this is a systematic method of inquiry to discover an/or validate knowledge thus establishing a knowledge base to be used in practice. It contributes to the development of theory for practice, 2. Theory- is an intellectual invention which groups knowledge, ideas and experience seeking to illumine a given phenomena. It involves intellectual operations and is comprised of facts, principles, and concepts that are arranged to claim their interrelatedness. It describes something, a happening, a honeymoon, or explains phenomena and organize ideas and knowledge. Theory development is essential to nursing practice in that it describes, predicts, controls and explains phenomenon of interest to nurses. It validates, enhances and improves nursing practice promoting understanding and explanation of the phenomena and gives rise to the body of knowledge. 3. Practice It is the application of the discipline with a knowledge base a vehicle for implementation of theory as well as validation and impetus for research. According to Mà ªlà ©es (2007) there are 4 important defining characteristics that determine nursing perspective: 1. Nature of nursing as human science 2. Nursing as a practice- oriented discipline 3. Nursing as a caring discipline the caring relationships that nurses and patients develop 4 Nursing as a health oriented discipline. It is an art where nurses grasp the meaning that is inherent in their encounter with patients, establish connections With clients skillfully perform nursing activities, choose between alternatives and to morally conduct nursing practice. The Stages in the Development of the Nursing Discipline 1. Stage of Practice, Apprenticeship and service- In this stage the mission of urging is to provide care and comfort to enhance healing and sense of well- being and to create a healthy environment that helps decrease suffering and deterioration. 2. Stage of Education and Administration- In this stage the focus of nursing is on what curriculum to develop and what training programs to offer to teach nursing practice also, vatu educational programs are best for prospective nurses, and what is the best venue for the education of nurses; is it the university or in the hospital 3. Stage of Research- In this stage nurses begin to look for means to improve the practice Of nursing. Nurses begin to engage in nursing inquiries and scientific endeavors. Thus, theory development improve because of research. 4. Stage of Theory This stage focuses on the fundamental questions about the essence of nursing, its mission, and its goals. Theory development at this time is influenced by many factors: paradigm of related disciplines, by the educational background which stems from existentialism, pragmatism, psychoanalysis, as well as trot humanism. According to Mà ªlà ©es (2007) three themes in nursing evolved during this stage, These are: acceptance of the complexity Of nursing ND the inevitability tot multiple theories; acceptance of the need to test and corroborate major propositions of differing theories before dismissing any of them; and the idea that concepts or theories remaining in the field, through cumulative effect become the bases for the development of a scientific perspective. 5. Stage of Philosophy This stage focus on the raising and answering of questions about the nature of nursing knowledge. It is during this stage that nurses ask questions related to values, meanings and realities. 6. Stage of Integration- This stage is characterized by dialogues and discussions elated to Structures such as nursing, science, theories. Philosophy, clinical knowledge and nursing specialties. This stage marks the development of educational programs that are organized around the integration Of theory, research and practice. It is during this stage that members of specialty areas develop theories related to their fields. A final characteristic of this stage, according to Mà ªlà ©es (1997) , is the systematic reappraisal of philosophical and theoretical underpinning that have guided the definitions and the conceptualization of the central concepts of the domain of nursing. 7. Stage tot Interdisciplinary In the beginning of the 21st century there was integration that challenged members of different disciplines to build programs of research that incorporate theories and evidences from different disciplines. Relationships are forged between research and clinicians who are members of different disciplines to develop joint institutes to advance research programs or to provide more comprehensive education. LESSON 2 NURSINGS INTERMARRIAGE A intermarriage is the global perspective of a discipline that identifies the primary phenomena that re Of interest to that discipline and explain how the spelling deals with those phenomena in a unique manner (Faucet 2000) as cited by Mac Owen (2007). The intermarriage includes major philosophical orientations or worldviews of a discipline, the conceptual models and theories that guide research and other scholarly activities. Person or nursing client- The recipient of care including its physical, intellectual, spiritual, psychological, and sculptural components (Catalane 1990). He is a human energy field, a holistic being in the world, an open system, an integrated whole, an adaptive system, and a being who is greater than the um of his parts ( Wagner 1986) The client may be an individual, family, or community. Health refers to the degree of wellness or illness experienced by the person. It is the ability to function independently, successful adaptation to life stresses, achievement of ones full life potential, and unity of mind, body, and soul. (Wagner 1 981) It is a continuum raging from a completely healthy state where there is no disease in to a completely unhealthy stage which ends in death At any given time in ones life , everyone is located somewhere along the health continuum and may move closer to one side or the other depending on his life tuition. The concept of health will vary from person to person and culture to culture ( Throne at AY 1998 ) Environment refers to all external and internal conditions, circumstances and influence affecting the person, significant others with whom the person interacts, and an open system With boundaries that permit the exchange Of the matter, energy and information with human beings (Wagner 1986) In nursing, the concept Of environment includes not only the simple surroundings but also to indicate elements such as living conditions, public sanitation, air and water, quality, interpersonal relationships and social interactions. The mount etna EssayActivity-exercise pattern 5. Cognitive-perceptual pattern 6. Sleep-rest pattern 7. Self-perception-self-concept pattern 8. Role-relationship pattern 9. Coping-stress-tolerance pattern 10. Value-belief pattern Some Other typologies Of nursing problems have been developed by Other nursing theorists, thus, emphasis on when to assess is very much influenced by the theoretical framework that is being subscribed to by the nurse. Nursing Diagnosis. The second component of the nursing process is the Nursing Diagnosis. Nursing diagnoses are defined as labels given to problems that fall within the domain of nursing. According to Mà ªlà ©es (1997), TTT is a concise summary, a conceptual statement of the clients health status. The nursing literature contains many definitions tort nursing diagnosis. All tot these definitions add to better understanding of what the concept means, Some of these definitions are: 1. Nursing diagnosis is a concise phrase or term summarizing a cluster of empirical indicators representing patterns of unitary man (Roy, 1982) 2, A nursing diagnosis is a clinical judgment about an individual, family or community Vichy is derived through a deliberate, systematic process of data collection analysis. It provides the basis for prescriptions for definitive therapy for Which the nurse is accountable. (Shoemaker, 1989) 3. A nursing diagnosis is a statement that describes the human response of an individual or group Which the nurse can legally identify and for Which the nurse can order the definitive interventions to maintain the health state or to reduce, eliminate or prevent alternation. 4. A nursing diagnosis is a clinical judgment about individual. Family, community responses to actual or potential health problems and live processes. Nursing diagnosis provides the bases for selecting nursing interventions to which the nurse is accountable (AND 1 990) These are just a few of the definitions and they can be summarized as being a statement that describes a clients actual or potential response to a health problem to which the nurse is capable of and is called upon to provide competent interventions. The evolution of the term nursing was fraught with controversy. Nurses at first were hesitant to use the term nursing diagnosis mostly because they lived that the term belonged to the realm of medicine. In fact, the pros and cons of the use of the term was debated by other health professionals including those in the medical professions. Originally, nursing curriculum was organized around diseases and medical conditions. However, starting mid-xis on to early ass nursing leaders and educators started to revise the curriculum around client-centered problems (Carpenter, 1989). It was in the early gs when the term nursing diagnosis came into being. Creative nursing leaders and educators formulated nursing diagnosis and wrote individualized nursing care plan. However, professional nursing, notably the American Nurses Association, was at first not supportive Of the use Of the diagnosis label for the reason mentioned earlier. The works of Henderson, Abdullah and other theorists, encouraged nursing in terms of patient problems and the subsequent use of the term nursing diagnosis. By the ass and xis, activities concerning nursing diagnosis increased. There was an increase in the number of articles in nursing literature which supported the use of nursing diagnosis. In 1973, the first conference of Nursing Diagnosis was held to establish a classification system. In 1982, the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (AND), was established. The purpose of AND was to develop, refine and promote a taxonomy of nursing diagnostic terminology of general use tort professional nursing (Kim, 1984). The American Nurses Association (ANA), has officially sanctioned AND as the organization to govern the development of classification system of nursing diagnosis (Carpenter, 1989), Presently, practicing nurses and educators use AND nursing diagnosis taxonomy as guidelines in developing individualized nursing care plans for their patients. (see Appendix for Namedropping diagnosis as of 1 992) The process involved in formulating nursing diagnosis includes analysis and interpretation Of data gathered during the assessment phase, identification of clients need and problems, and finally, formulating the nursing diagnosis. In the assessment phase, data were collected from a variety Of sources, validated and sorted out into clusters. From the clustered data, the nurse guided by her own knowledge and experienced, interprets. She recognizes patterns and trends, and draws conclusions from patients response. When a relationship among patterns is identified, a list of client. Centered problem or needs begins to merge. Thus, one can see that the formulation of nursing diagnosis makes use of diagnostic process. Aside from improving communication among nurses, nursing diagnosis also improves communication between nurses and clients. Nursing diagnoses facilitate communication in several ways: the list of nursing diagnoses is used as reference to understand clients health care needs; Nursing diagnoses provide consistency in communicating about clients level of wellness and discharge planning: nursing diagnoses encourage nurses to prioritize and therefore, help them to develop their organizational skill. Planning, Planning is a category of nursing behavior in which client-centered goals are established and strategies are designed to achieve the goal ( Potter and Perry, I gal The primary purpose of the planning step of the nursing process is to design a plan of care for the client data, once implemented, results in the prevention or resolution Of clients health problems ( Taylor, 1996) The three basic types of planning critical to comprehensive nursing care are: Initial, ongoing problem oriented and discharge. The initial plan is developed by the nurse who performs the admission nursing history and the physical assessment. This plan addresses each problem in the prioritize nursing diagnosis and identifies priorities, Standardized plans can be used as bases for planning, but the plan itself should be individualized. Ongoing problem oriented planning is carried out why any nurse who interacts with the client. Its chief purpose is to keep the plan up to date. At this stage of planning, nursing diagnoses are stated more clearly and new diagnoses and new goals are added when needed. Discharge planning is best carried out by the nurse who has worked more closely with the client and family and in conjunction tit other members of the health team.

LOreal Nederland B.V

Poor brand image L’ Oreal Group is faced with a challenge in the introduction of two products in Netherlands. The two products include Belle Couleur and Synergie. L’Oreal Group sales have been on an upward trend as a result of the large size of market for cosmetic products. In France, its domestic market, the firm has witnessed a 10.2% growth in sales which is equivalent to 9.67 billion Euros (Mann 2010, 6).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on L’Oreal Nederland B.V specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In its quest to attain its profit maximization objective, the firm’s management team has made a decision to venture the Dutch market. Introduction of the new product was to be undertaken by Laboratories Garnier which was its major competitor. Despite Laboratories Garnier being recognized in France prior to its acquisition, very few Dutch customers knew of the firm’s products. This arises f rom the fact that Laboratories Garnier had not established a strong brand image in Netherlands. The low brand image in the market limits the probability of the two products succeeding. In its decision to expand its operations within Netherlands, L’Oreal Group management team should conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the two products in order to determine the probability of success. The management team should undertake this by only introducing products with identifiable differential advantage in the market. L’Oreal Group management team is faced with a challenge on how to ensure that the product penetrate the market. Key issue The key issue facing the firm is lack of awareness of Garnier’s products through which the firm intends to introduce its products. In addition, the two products are facing stiff competition from other established competitors. The firm is faced with a challenge of attracting customers to purchase the new product. This arises from the fact that customers in the Dutch market feel attached to their traditional brands which makes them reluctant to try new beauty products. Competitors in the Dutch skin care market have a well established customer loyalty. The loyalty resulted from the effective distribution strategy adopted.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Personalized service is one of the ways through which firms in the beauty industry can create customer loyalty. In addition, some of the players in the industry are multinational and regional companies which are widely recognized in the market. In comparison to these firms, L’Oreal Group has a relatively low competitive advantage. According to Jones (2010, 359), the beauty industry is very competitive as a result of the high rate of innovation resulting from increased research and development. Lack of an effective market penetration and promotion strateg y poses a threat in the introduction of the two products. Evaluation If the firm does not formulate an effective market penetration strategy for its products, there is a high probability that the firm will perform poorly in terms of sales. The resultant effect is that its long term survival will be threatened. The Dutch market is feasible for the firm to introduce its products. One of the key factors which are enhancing the market feasibility is the demographic characteristics of the population. Aging is one of the factors which have contributed to an increment in the rate of consumption for anti-aging products (Patzer 2006, 47). A significant proportion of Dutch women are aging. There are projections that this trend will continue into the future. By 2020, it is estimated that the number of individuals aged 65 years and above of the total population will increase to 18% from its 2010 projection level of 14.9% (Schroots, Ballesteros and Rudinger1999, 83). Introduction of Synergie and Belle Couleur beauty products stands a high probability of success considering that they are anti-aging skin and hair products. This means that the two products are in line with the customer requirement. In addition, successful introduction of the two products in the Dutch market is paramount considering the shift in role amongst the female gender. Females are venturing in various careers leading into an increment in their disposable income. Increase in consumers’ disposable income results into an increment in consumer purchasing power (Lamb, Hair and McDaniel 2008, 365). Due to an upward shift in their disposable income, the Dutch women have increased their daily consumption for beauty products.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on L’Oreal Nederland B.V specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This represents a significant shift in consumers purchasing behavior considering the fact that the Dutch women used t o purchase beauty products such as facial creams two times a year on average. Whilst the market feasibility for L’ Oreal Group in Netherlands is high, it is vital for the firm’s management team to consider the most effective way of introducing the two products in the market and also create market awareness effectively. Possible considerations Promotion plays an important role in the operation of a firm (Botha, Strydom and Brink 2005, 135). As a result, promotion strategy has been integrated as one of the key components of strategic marketing by firms in various economic sectors in their quest to attain their profit maximization objective. Through a well formulated promotional strategy, a firm is able to create awareness of its products and services to its prospective customers. Considering the reluctant nature of Dutch women to try new beauty products, developing an effective promotional strategy is paramount. This arises from the fact that increased awareness of the p roducts characteristics and benefits will play a significant role in creating customer confidence. There is a high probability of the products succeeding amongst the Dutch women considering the increment in demand for beauty products which have â€Å"natural† characteristics. Considering the fact that Laboratories Garnier does not have a well developed brand image in Netherlands, it is vital for L’Oreal Group to consider developing a promotional strategy will enhance its product awareness. According to Strydom and Brink (2005, 135), product awareness is very important in the customers’ decision making process (Mills and Law 2005, 29). Product and service awareness plays a significant role in the consumers purchasing pattern. The more the consumers are aware of a product, the high the probability of them making a purchase. With regard to beauty products in Netherlands, their success in the market is directly related to their brand image. Therefore, if the brand i mage is low, there is a high probability that the product will not succeed. The fact that most Dutch women are not conversant with the product description of French beauty products underscores the importance of creating product awareness.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Apart from development of a product awareness strategy, it is also important for the firm’s management team to consider improving customer product loyalty. Customer loyalty will play a significant role in ensuring repeat purchase behavior of the customers. To create customer loyalty, it is vital for the firm’s management team to ensure that the research and development being undertaken results into development of beauty products which meet the market demand. Increment in the intensity of competitiveness within the retail environment presents a challenge to firms (Ranchhord and Maradi 2007, 77). This arises from the fact that competition leads into a reduction in customer switching cost (Egan and Thomas 1998, 68). Ranchhord and Maradi are of the opinion that customer loyalty is a fundamental issue in such a case. Considering the competitive nature of the beauty industry in Netherlands due to existence of other multinational companies such as Procter and Gamble Company, creation of customer loyalty is vital in the firm’s effort to position itself effectively in the market. The resultant effect is that the firm will be able to develop a high competitive advantage for it to survive in the market. Alternatives A number of alternatives could be considered to address the key issue: That L’Oreal Group faces a challenge in introducing its two beauty products (Synergie and Belle Colourie) as a result of poor brand image of Garnier. Considering the market feasibility in Netherlands beauty industry, L’Oreal Group should ensure that it capitalizes on the market opportunities presented and introduce the two products. In order to effectively penetrate the market, the firm’s management team should consider the following alternatives. The firm should not introduce the two products via Laboratories Garnier considering its low brand image in Netherlands. Alternatively, L’Oreal Group’s management team should consider outsou rcing the services of well established marketing agencies in Netherlands. This will increase the probability of the customers accepting the product. Evaluation Undertaking product introduction process by itself is a wise decision for the firm to consider in is effort to penetrate the new market niche. This is due to the fact that the firm will develop an upper-edge in understanding the market dynamics. On the other hand, distributing the products via intermediaries will also be of benefit to the firm. This is due to the fact that the local agents will be conversant with the market. A comprehensive criterion should be used in selecting the intermediary to carry a firm’s product in the foreign market. According to Perner (2008, 3) selection of the firm to carry a firms product in its introduction phase is a key determinant in the product’s success or failure. Perner asserts that if the product is not amongst the firm’s preferred products, chances of the product s ucceeding are limited. Recommendations To ensure that introduction of the two products is successful; L’Oreal Group’s management team should consider a number of issues. The firm should consider incorporating the concept of Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) in an effort to create sustainable market awareness. Integrated marketing communication will ensure that there is effective and efficient creation of market awareness. This arises from the fact that both traditional and emerging market communication models are integrated (Kitchen and Pelsmacker 2004, 45). As a result, a considerable number of individual customers will be aware of the product’s market existence. Incorporation of IMC will ensure the customers access sufficient product information. Considering the fact that the product can be consumed by both the young and elderly consumers, integration of IMC will be effective in ensuring that the customers access the product information. Sufficient prod uct information will enable the firm to dispel any fears which the customers may have regarding its products. The resultant effect is that there will be increment in the customers’ level of confidence to enable them incorporate the new product in the process of making decisions regarding consumption of beauty products. In order to develop a repeat purchase behavior amongst the customers, L’Oreal Group management team should consider implementing Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in its operation. This will ensure that that all its operations are focused at ensuring that the customers attain a high level of satisfaction. The effect is that the firm will be able to attain customer inertia. This means that the probability of customers switching to other products will be minimized. To ensure maximization of the benefits associated with the CRM strategy, L’Oreal Group management team should consider implementing the CRM software. The software should be linked to the internet so as to enable it access customers’ feedback efficiently. CRM software will act as a link between the customers and the firm’s marketing team. This means that there is a high probability of marketing team understanding changes in customer product requirement. Depending on market feedback, it will be possible for the firm to conduct product innovations effectively to suite the customer’s requirements. Reference List Botha, Johan, Strydom, Johan and Brink, Annekie. 2005. Introduction to marketing. Chicago: Juta and Company Limited. Egan, Colin and Thomas, Michael. 1998. The CIM handbook of strategic marketing. New Jersey: Butterworth Heinemann. Jones, Geoffrey. 2010. Beauty imagined: A history of the global beauty industry. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Kitchen, Paul. and Pelsmacker, Peter. 2004. Integrated marketing communication: a  primer. London: Routledge. Lamb, Charles, Hair, Jones. and McDaniel, Collins. 2008. Essentials of marketing. Ne w York: Cengage Learning. Mann, Rebecca. 2010. The L’Oreal Group reports solid first-half sales.  https://www.moodiedavittreport.com/the-loreal-group-reports-solid-first-half-sales/ . Mills, Juline and Law, Rob. 2005. Handbook of consumer behavior: tourism and the  internet. London: Routledge. Patzer, Gordon. 2006. The power and paradox of physical attractiveness. London: Universal-Publishers. Perners, Lars. 2010. Introduction to marketing. Los Angeles: University of South California. Ranchod, Ashk and Marandi, Ebi. 2007. CIM coursebook 07/08 strategic marketing in  practice. New Jersey: Butterworth-Heinemann. Schroots, James, Ballesteros, Francis and Rudinger, Gerrad. 1999. Aging in Europe. Oxford: IOS Press. This essay on L’Oreal Nederland B.V was written and submitted by user Edward Sullivan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.